LPG yog luv luv rau Liquefied Petroleum Gas, yog cov roj uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm refining ntawm cov roj crude, los yog volatilized los ntawm cov roj los yog natural gas extraction. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov roj av liquefied roj av yog propane thiab butane, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj me me ntawm hydrocarbons uas muaj li ntawm propylene thiab butene. Hauv kev siv cov tswv yim, cov roj av liquefied muaj nyob rau hauv ob hom: ib qho yog cov pa roj ntshiab, uas yog, cov roj muaj (hauv paus) tsuas yog ib feem ntawm propane lossis butane; lwm qhov yog cov roj sib xyaw, uas yog, propane thiab butane yog siv los ua Mainly tov nrog ib tug me me ntawm olefin nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug sib tov. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias LPG feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pa ntshiab thoob ntiaj teb.
Muaj plaub qhov chaw tau txais LPG:
1) Kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev siv roj thiab roj. Cov roj hydrocarbon nqa nyob rau hauv cov roj crude los yog lwm yam hydrocarbons nqa nyob rau hauv lub natural gas thaum cov roj av exploited yog pib sib cais thiab ua tiav, thiab ces xa mus rau lub gas cais cog rau kev ua, thiab thaum kawg propane yog tau nyias. thiab butane. Cov propane thiab butane yog liquefied nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam siab los yog khov rau ib tug tej yam kub thiab txias, thiab ces packed nyob rau hauv txawv cia tank. Cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem muag propane thiab butane cais, lossis lawv tuaj yeem sib xyaw propane thiab butane hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem rau LPG uas ua tau raws li cov qauv kev muag khoom.
2) By-products nyob rau hauv cov roj refining txheej txheem. Feem ntau cov roj crude yuav tsim cov roj hydrocarbon thaum lub sij hawm ua cov atmospheric thiab nqus distillation, thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, hydrocracking thiab qeeb coking thiab lwm yam txheej txheem units. Tom qab cov roj no tau nqus thiab ruaj khov, nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kub siab Cov pa qhuav thiab cov roj nplua nuj tau sib cais. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa qhuav yog methane thiab non-hydrocarbon gases, nrog rau me me ntawm ethane thiab ethylene. Feem ntau, cov roj no yog xa ncaj qha mus rau lub tank roj rau qhov concentration, thiab tom qab ntawd muab faib rau cov cua kub ntawm lub refinery li roj; Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj nplua nuj yog propane, propylene, butane, butene, thiab ib qho me me ntawm pentane, pentane thiab pentane. Olefins thiab non-hydrocarbon tebchaw, xws li gases ua LPG tsuas yog tsim los ntawm propane, propylene, butane thiab butene nyob rau hauv tej lub siab. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias LPG tsim los ntawm refineries hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog tsuas yog tau los ntawm catalytic cracking units.
3) Ua los ntawm refinery ethylene units. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tawg lub teeb roj los yog lub teeb hydrocarbons los tsim ethylene, LPG Cheebtsam kuj yuav raug tsim; xws li LPGs tsis zoo thiab feem ntau muaj cov pa roj carbon 4 siab. Yog hais tias lub refinery thiab cov nroj tsuag ethylene nyob rau tib lub tsev, LPG los ntawm ob qhov sib txawv feem ntau tuaj yeem sib xyaw kom zoo thiaj li yuav tau txais LPG uas ua tau raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv.
4) LPG sib sib zog nqus ua pa tawm. Tam sim no, rau cov pa roj carbon plaub hauv LPG, tom qab cov khoom siv sib sib zog nqus, qee cov khoom siv tsis siv los kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm LPG. Tam sim no, kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm C4 feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej txheem loj loj ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li alkylation unit, isomerization unit, aromatization unit, methyl ethyl ketone unit, thiab sec-butyl acetate unit. Ntawm lawv, chav tsev alkylation siv n-butene thiab isobutane hauv cov pa roj carbon plaub, thiab li ntawm 20 feem pua ntawm LPG tail gas yog los ntawm cov khoom; chav tsev isomerization tsuas yog siv cov n-butene tivthaiv, thiab li ntawm 20 feem pua ntawm LPG tail gas yog los ntawm cov khoom; Aromatization siv n-butene tivthaiv, thiab li ntawm 60 feem pua ntawm LPG tail gas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
